Álgebra lineal Ejemplos

$[\begin{array}{c} - 6 & 2 & - 4 \\ 9 & - 8 & 1 \\ - 9 & 1 & 6 \end{array}]$

Paso 1

Obtén la forma escalonada reducida por filas.

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Paso 1.1

Multiply each element of $R_{1}$ by $- \frac{1}{6}$ to make the entry at $1, 1$ a $1$ .

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Paso 1.1.1

Multiply each element of $R_{1}$ by $- \frac{1}{6}$ to make the entry at $1, 1$ a $1$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} - \frac{1}{6} \cdot - 6 & - \frac{1}{6} \cdot 2 & - \frac{1}{6} \cdot - 4 \\ 9 & - 8 & 1 \\ - 9 & 1 & 6 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.1.2

Simplifica $R_{1}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 9 & - 8 & 1 \\ - 9 & 1 & 6 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.2

Perform the row operation $R_{2} = R_{2} - 9 R_{1}$ to make the entry at $2, 1$ a $0$ .

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Paso 1.2.1

Perform the row operation $R_{2} = R_{2} - 9 R_{1}$ to make the entry at $2, 1$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 9 - 9 \cdot 1 & - 8 - 9 (- \frac{1}{3}) & 1 - 9 (\frac{2}{3}) \\ - 9 & 1 & 6 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.2.2

Simplifica $R_{2}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & - 5 & - 5 \\ - 9 & 1 & 6 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.3

Perform the row operation $R_{3} = R_{3} + 9 R_{1}$ to make the entry at $3, 1$ a $0$ .

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Paso 1.3.1

Perform the row operation $R_{3} = R_{3} + 9 R_{1}$ to make the entry at $3, 1$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & - 5 & - 5 \\ - 9 + 9 \cdot 1 & 1 + 9 (- \frac{1}{3}) & 6 + 9 (\frac{2}{3}) \end{array}]$

Paso 1.3.2

Simplifica $R_{3}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & - 5 & - 5 \\ 0 & - 2 & 12 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.4

Multiply each element of $R_{2}$ by $- \frac{1}{5}$ to make the entry at $2, 2$ a $1$ .

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Paso 1.4.1

Multiply each element of $R_{2}$ by $- \frac{1}{5}$ to make the entry at $2, 2$ a $1$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ - \frac{1}{5} \cdot 0 & - \frac{1}{5} \cdot - 5 & - \frac{1}{5} \cdot - 5 \\ 0 & - 2 & 12 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.4.2

Simplifica $R_{2}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 \\ 0 & - 2 & 12 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.5

Perform the row operation $R_{3} = R_{3} + 2 R_{2}$ to make the entry at $3, 2$ a $0$ .

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Paso 1.5.1

Perform the row operation $R_{3} = R_{3} + 2 R_{2}$ to make the entry at $3, 2$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 \\ 0 + 2 \cdot 0 & - 2 + 2 \cdot 1 & 12 + 2 \cdot 1 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.5.2

Simplifica $R_{3}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 & 14 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.6

Multiply each element of $R_{3}$ by $\frac{1}{14}$ to make the entry at $3, 3$ a $1$ .

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Paso 1.6.1

Multiply each element of $R_{3}$ by $\frac{1}{14}$ to make the entry at $3, 3$ a $1$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 \\ \frac{0}{14} & \frac{0}{14} & \frac{14}{14} \end{array}]$

Paso 1.6.2

Simplifica $R_{3}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.7

Perform the row operation $R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{3}$ to make the entry at $2, 3$ a $0$ .

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Paso 1.7.1

Perform the row operation $R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{3}$ to make the entry at $2, 3$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 - 0 & 1 - 0 & 1 - 1 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.7.2

Simplifica $R_{2}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.8

Perform the row operation $R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{2}{3} R_{3}$ to make the entry at $1, 3$ a $0$ .

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Paso 1.8.1

Perform the row operation $R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{2}{3} R_{3}$ to make the entry at $1, 3$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 - \frac{2}{3} \cdot 0 & - \frac{1}{3} - \frac{2}{3} \cdot 0 & \frac{2}{3} - \frac{2}{3} \cdot 1 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.8.2

Simplifica $R_{1}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - \frac{1}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.9

Perform the row operation $R_{1} = R_{1} + \frac{1}{3} R_{2}$ to make the entry at $1, 2$ a $0$ .

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Paso 1.9.1

Perform the row operation $R_{1} = R_{1} + \frac{1}{3} R_{2}$ to make the entry at $1, 2$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 + \frac{1}{3} \cdot 0 & - \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{3} \cdot 1 & 0 + \frac{1}{3} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}]$

Paso 1.9.2

Simplifica $R_{1}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}]$

Paso 2

The pivot positions are the locations with the leading $1$ in each row. The pivot columns are the columns that have a pivot position.

Pivot Positions: $a_{11}, a_{22},$ and $a_{33}$

Pivot Columns: $1, 2,$ and $3$

Paso 3

The rank is the number of pivot columns.

$3$